Leaf miner

A leaf miner is a larval stage of various insect species that live and feed within the tissues of a plant's leaves. The term does not describe a single taxonomic group, but rather a feeding behavior known as "leaf mining" that has evolved independently across several insect orders. Leaf miners are considered both ecologically significant and economically important because of their role in ecosystems and their impact on agriculture and horticulture.

Leaf miners consume the inner tissues of leaves while leaving the outer epidermal layers largely intact.
This results in distinctive patterns or "mines" on the leaves, which can appear as winding trails, blotches, or tunnels.
Leaf mining is an ancient ecological strategy that has been employed by insect larvae since at least the beginning of the Permian period, around 295 million years ago.

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Source: Wikipedia · Image: Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 4.0